Curious about what “Code 37” means when you hear it over a police scanner or see it referenced in TV shows? Whether you’re interested in decoding police lingo, researching law enforcement procedure, or just want to know what’s happening in your neighborhood, understanding police radio codes gives you new insight into how agencies communicate. This blog will explore everything you need to know about Code 37, including its definition, common usage, variations across regions, and its real-world significance.
Decoding Police Radio Codes
Why Do Police Use Codes?
Law enforcement agencies use radio codes to communicate quickly and precisely. These codes:
- Help standardize language across departments
- Minimize misunderstandings during high-pressure situations
- Provide a layer of privacy, so sensitive information isn’t easily understood by the public
There isn’t a single, standardized set of codes in use across the U.S. Some regions rely on “ten-codes” (like the famous 10-4), while others reference numbers or phrases unique to local practice. “Code 37” is one of those designations that frequently piques curiosity.
What Does Police Radio Code 37 Mean?
Code 37 typically indicates a “wanted” or “stolen” vehicle alert.
When an officer reports a “Code 37” over the radio, they are flagging a particular vehicle that is either stolen or suspected to be associated with criminal activity. Law enforcement will often broadcast this code along with a vehicle description (make, model, color, license plate number) so all units in the vicinity can assist in locating and recovering the vehicle.
Example in use:
“Unit 12, I have a Code 37 on a blue 2018 Ford Focus, California plate 8AB1234, last seen heading south on Main.”
The Origin and Spread of Code 37
Unlike “10-codes,” which originated with the Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials (APCO), the “Code” system develops independently within each jurisdiction. Code 37 is most commonly associated with police departments in California and some neighboring states, but its definition has spread via pop culture and interoperability needs between agencies.
How Police Implement Code 37 in Practice
Step-By-Step Process
- Vehicle Identified:
An officer or dispatcher receives information about a vehicle flagged as stolen or wanted (Code 37).
- Broadcast:
Details are broadcast to all units, sometimes to adjacent jurisdictions via regional police radio networks.
- Response:
Units in the area remain alert for the specified vehicle, keeping an eye on high-traffic routes, parking lots, and likely egress points.
- Recovery:
If a patrol unit spots the vehicle, they may initiate a traffic stop, track the vehicle from a safe distance, or call for backup depending on the circumstances and potential for danger.
Why Is Code 37 Important?
- Officer Safety: Officers know to approach a “Code 37” vehicle with caution, as it may be linked to serious crimes or armed suspects.
- Effective Asset Recovery: Prompt communication helps recover stolen property and potentially apprehend suspects quickly.
- Public Awareness: Some law enforcement agencies may issue public bulletins or use social media to widen the search for a “Code 37” vehicle.
Note: Code 37 is strictly a communications aid; it alone does not provide probable cause for an arrest but does indicate heightened suspicion or criminal involvement pending further investigation.
Code 37 Variations Across the U.S.
Not Universally Standard
Because radio codes often differ by state, city, or even agency, make sure to research your local law enforcement’s codebook for precise definitions.
- California: Code 37 almost universally means a “wanted/stolen vehicle.”
- Other Regions: Code 37 may not exist, or it may have a completely different meaning. For instance, some areas avoid numeric codes and use plain language for clarity and interoperability.
Why Some Agencies Are Moving Away From Numeric Codes
Post-9/11, many agencies began adopting plain language protocols (as recommended by FEMA and the Department of Homeland Security) to prevent confusion during multi-agency responses. However, codes like Code 37 remain popular in local or state-level operations, especially where tradition and in-house training prevail.
How to Recognize Code 37 in Media and Real Life
Police Scanner Enthusiasts
If you listen to a police scanner in California or nearby states and hear “Code 37,” you’ll know officers are on the lookout for a stolen or wanted vehicle. You’ll often hear the code followed by a vehicle description and specific instructions for engagement.
Popular Culture
Code 37 is sometimes mentioned in TV police procedurals or in video games that simulate law enforcement. Its inclusion lends authenticity, but always check the context—in other media or jurisdictions, it may have a different meaning or be used incorrectly.
What Happens When a Code 37 Vehicle Is Spotted?
Officer Protocol
- Confirm Information: Before taking action, officers confirm the vehicle matches the Code 37 description exactly. Mismatches could endanger innocent drivers.
- Coordinate Approach: Multiple units may converge to reduce the risk to officers and bystanders, especially if there’s a possibility the suspects are dangerous.
- Safe Detainment: Officers follow department policies for high-risk stops, which may include instructing the driver to exit the vehicle and conducting thorough searches.
After Action
Once a vehicle is secured:
- Vehicle is verified as wanted or stolen
- Occupants are identified and questioned
- Vehicle is processed for evidence
- Property is returned to rightful owner, if possible
When the Public Needs to Be Aware
Sometimes, local agencies alert the public about Code 37 situations, particularly if the stolen vehicle is involved in a broader crime spree or endangered persons cases (e.g., AMBER Alerts).
What you can do:
- Don’t try to intervene yourself if you spot a suspected stolen vehicle. Instead, report detailed observations to law enforcement (location, direction, make/model, plate).
- Stay alert to local police updates, especially if Code 37 is related to public safety threats.
Frequently Asked Questions About Police Code 37
Q: Can civilians access information about Code 37 vehicles?
A: Typically, only law enforcement and agencies with direct ties to police databases have access to current “wanted vehicle” lists, but some information is made public in the event of wider threats.
Q: Is it illegal to listen to police radio?
A: Varies by state. Listening for personal curiosity is usually allowed, but using police radio information for illicit purposes is illegal.
Q: Do all police departments use Code 37?
A: No. The code’s use is concentrated chiefly in California and surrounding areas. Check your local department’s website or public information office for specifics.
How To Stay Up-To-Date With Police Code Meanings
- Check local police department websites for code glossaries
- Search for state-level law enforcement handbooks
- Consult reputable scanner enthusiast forums or resources
(Be wary of outdated or inaccurate code lists)
Takeaways & Further Information
Understanding what “Code 37” means can demystify police activity in your area and promote safer, more informed communities. Remember, “Code 37” almost always relates to wanted or stolen vehicles in California, but interpretations elsewhere might differ.
If you’re interested in learning more about police codes, local safety, or want tips on using a police scanner responsibly, check out your local law enforcement’s online resources. Knowledge is a key part of community safety and awareness.